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All data apply to dilute aqueous solutions and are presented in the form of pK a , which is the negative of the logarithm of the acid dissociation constant K a . IUPAC name[hide] 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid Other names[hide] Gallic acid Gallate 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate CAS number PubChem ChemSpider UNII KEGG ChEBI ChEMBL Jmol-3D images. The antiproliferative properties of ellagic acid may be due to its ability to directly inhibit the DNA binding of certain carcinogens, including nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Gallic acid acts as an antioxidant and helps to protect human cells against oxidative damage. L'acido gallico o acido triidrossibenzoico è un acido organico contenuto in molti prodotti di origine vegetale. Gallic acid was found to show cytotoxicity against cancer cells, without harming healthy cells. It is commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry. To remove silicic acid from aqueous solutions, a novel gallic acid-type resin (GA-type resin) was prepared by a grafting method. 3A and B , lower panels). GA and its derivatives have multiple industrial uses, such as food supplements or additives. Digalloyl esters involve either -meta or -para depside bonds. The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for gallic acid is 4.57 . External Links. Gallic acid is found both free and as part of tannins. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound, which has been reported to suppress melanogenesis in melanoma cells. The pH of 0.050 gallic acid (figure), an acid found in tea leaves, is 2.86. a; Calculate Ka for gallic acid. To delineate the inhibition of MITF by GA, the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinase (ERK) and AKT was investigated. In this article, we revealed that GA down-regulated … Effects of Gallic Acid on Melanin Synthesis and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Cells The cytotoxic effect of gallic acid was examined in mouse melanocyte cells, B16F10. Identification. Gallic acid. The major objective of this work was to develop a green and facile process to prepare gallic acid-chitosan conjugate and comprehensively evaluate the physicochemical properties and biological activities of an as-prepared water-soluble chitosan derivative. Ascorbic acid functions as an enzymatic cofactor for multiple enzymes, serving as an electron donor for monooxygenases and dioxygenases. Gallic acid is a trihydroxybenzoic acid found in many plants as either the free acid or in the esterified form of gallotannins and ellagitannins. Showing entry for Gallic acid. What is the base-dissociation constant, Kb, for the gallate ion? tannic acid: ChEBI ID CHEBI:75211: Definition A gallotannin obtained by acylation of the five hydroxy groups of D-glucose by 3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)oxy]benzoic acid (a gallic acid … b; Calculate pKa for gallic acid. Phenols, such as GALLIC ACID, do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C 6 H 2 3 CO 2 H. It is classified as a phenolic acid.It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. COOH) in gallic acid. A stock standard solution of gallic acid (1 × 10-3 M) was prepared by dissolving 0.0189 g of gallic acid in 100 ml volumetric flask. The field of application of natural polyphenols is quite wide: they are mainly used as antimicrobial, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic compound, which has been reported to suppress melanogenesis in melanoma cells. 2.1. Digallic acid is also present in the molecule of tannic acid. They belong to the family of easily hydrolyzable natural polyphenolic compounds. Gallic acid has two pKa values, first is 4.1 for the carboxylic group and second is 8.38 for the hydroxyl group [15], and that is why the stabilization of CoNM at higher pH value could come through the complex formation between oxygen of hydroxyl group and the CoNM. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid is an extremely weak basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa). The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for gallic acid is 4.57 × 10-3. CAS # 50-81-7 : Density : 1.65 (NTP, 1992) EC Number : 200-066-2 : … 149-91-7 - LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Gallic acid [NF] - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. Gallic acid (GA) is a naturally occurring polyphenol compound present in fruits, vegetables, and herbal medicines. PhytoHub ID PHUB000303 Name Gallic acid Synonyms. Based on given acidity constants (pK a values) the pH of organic acids for 1, 10, and 100 mmol/L are calculated.The results are listed in the following tables (valid for standard conditions 25°C, 1 atm):. Gallic acid leads to a progressive reduction in the viability of vector-transfected PC12 cells, which is delayed in PC12 cells that overexpressed Bcl-2. Gallic acid significantly inhibited both melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and decreased the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (Dct). For a better understanding of the preservation of organic matter in clay minerals, the adsorption of a model humic substance, the Gallic Acid (GA), onto a Na-montmorillonite (Na–Mt) was performed in batch situation for various experimental conditions (pH = 2, 5, 7) in order to mimic the natural context. Best Answer 100% (12 ratings) Previous question Next question Get more help from Chegg. Gallic acid (GA) is involved in many biochemical processes and reactions and is of great importance in environment thanks to its antioxidant and pro‐oxidant properties. Gallic acid (3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) and its derivatives are biologically active. The relative solubility of gallic acid in the solvents was found as: wmethanol > wethanol > wwater > wethyl acetate. Identifiers 149-91-7 , [5995-86-8] (Monohydrate) 370 361 632XD903SP C01424 CHEBI:30778 CHEMBL288114 Image 1 SMILES [show] InChI [show] Molecular formula Molar mass Appearance … organic acids – sorted by formula However, the molecular mechanism underlying this inhibitory effect was poorly understood. Gallic acid: Description: Gallic acid is an organic acid, also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. Gallic acid is an antioxidant which can inhibit both COX-2. Gallic acid induces the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and the downregulation of Bcl-2 in PC12 cells. The solubility of gallic acid in methanol, ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate was measured at a temperature range of (298.2 to 333.2) K. The gallic acid solubility in different solvents increases smoothly with temperature. The chemical formula is C6H2(OH)3CO2H. Gallic acid seems to have anti-fungal and anti-viral properties. Executive summary: pKa of 4.51 at 24.85°C is reported in water solubility determination of gallic acid. This table lists the acid-base dissociation constants of over 600 organic compounds, including many amino acids. EXPERIMENTAL 2.1. Gallic acid is an antioxidant which can inhibit both COX-2.After 18 h treatment with Gallic acid, the number of viable neutrophils is dramatically decreased from 40.3% to 27.7%, highly comparable with 26.4% for untreated neutrophils. Ascorbic acid also functions as a powerful antioxidant, particularly in regards to reactive oxygen species. A … The lipid-reducing effect of KMU-3, but not GA, was also observed by light microscopic measurement ( Fig. Gallic acid (≥98% purity; CAS No. pH of Organic Acids and Salts. Dissociating properties: not determined pKa: 4.51 Temp. Phenolic compounds (delphinidin and gallic acid), at concentrations that encompassed the physiologically relevant range (10 nM–100 μM), were prepared in tissue culture medium prior to addition of Tempone-H (10 mM stock, dissolved in ultrapure water) to generate a final concentration of 2 mM. In vivo: Gallic acid effectively protects rat erythrocytes. It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to partial oxidation. Gallic acid. 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid; CAS Number 149-91-7 Average Mass 170.12 Monoisotopic Mass ... pKa (strongest basic)-6.048647901640675 pKa (strongest acidic) 3.9415641190048674. Salts and esters of gallic acid are termed "gallates". As the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of -COOH in gallic acid is around 4.5, the electrostatic repulsion induced by deprotonation of -COOH can effectively prevent the aggregation of the Fe(III)-gallic-acid complex. When the pH is lower than or Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has pKa = 9.88). Gallic acid is used as a remote astringent in cases of internal haemorrhage. The effects of the adsorption capacity, pH and presence of NaCl, NaNO 3, Na 2 SO 4, and NaCO 3 salts on the silicic acid removal were studied. After treatment with gallic acid at various concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 400 µM) for 24 h, … According to previous studies, GA has many biological properties, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. 149-91-7) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives are compounds containing a hydroxybenzoic acid (or a derivative), which is a benzene ring bearing a carboxyl and a hydroxyl groups. Chemical structure of gallic acid 2. All solutions were prepared with de-ionized water. : 24.85 °C Conclusions: pKa of 4.51 at 24.85°C is reported in water solubility determination of gallic acid. Compound Type Concentration; Gallic acid: Solute: 100mM: D2O: Solvent: 100%: sodium phosphate: Buffer: 50mM: sodium azide: Cytocide: 500uM: DSS: Reference: 500uM We present in this paper a comprehensive study of GA deprotonation by means of Raman spectroscopy. The GA-type resin adsorbs monosilicic acid, silicate ions, and polymeric silicic acid. Chemical and reagents All chemical reagents were of analytical grade, purchased from Merck (Germany). Instead, they react as weak organic acids. Interestingly, treatment with its parent compound, gallic acid (GA) at 30, 60 or 90 µM did not affect the formation of lipid droplets in the preadipocytes when co-incubated with induction medium. 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